ABSTRACT

Different chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques commonly used for the quality evaluation of herbal medicines (HM) are comprehensively reviewed. Chemical fingerprints obtained by chromatographic technique and especially by hyphenated chromatographies, are strongly recommended for the purpose of quality control of herbal medicines, since they might represent appropriately the “chemical integrities” of the herbal medicines and therefore be used for authentication and identification of the herbal products. Based on the conception of phyto equivalence, the chromatographic fingerprints of herbal medicines could be utilized for addressing the problem of quality control of herbal medicines. Several novel chemo metric methods for evaluating the fingerprints of herbal products, such as the method based on information theory, similarity estimation, chemical pattern recognition, spectral correlative chromatogram (SCC), multivariate resolution, etc.

Key words: Hyphenated chromatography, Thin layer chromatography, Chemical fingerprints, Herbal drugs.

ABSTRACT
A substituted napthofuran derivative was prepared. The structure of compound was confirmed by spectral data of IR
study. Compound with optimum antimicrobial activity was selected for formulation of antimicrobial gel. The gel was
formulated by varying the polymer ratio. Gel formulations were characterized for appearance, odor, pH, viscosity measurement etc. The results of study reveal significant values of formulation as carrier for synthesized compounds. The result also revealedoptimum characteristics features of gel formulation and confirm antimicrobial potential of prepared gel.
Key words: Naphthofuran, Antimicrobial, Gel, Synthesis.

ABSTRACT

A simple, specific and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of Rosuvastatin Calcium solid dispersion tablets which were prepared in-house. A reversed phase C-₁₈, 5 μm column having 100 x 4.6 mm i.d. in gradient mode, with mobile phase containing HPLC grade phosphate buffer: acetonitrile (55: 45 v/v) was used. The flow rate was 1 ml / min and effluents were monitored at 240 nm. Chromatogram showed a main peak of Rosuvastatin at retention time was 3.47 ± 0.001 min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantitation etc. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.12 μg / ml and 0.39 μg / ml respectively. Recovery study was found to be within the range. Proposed method can be successfully applied for the estimation of Rosuvastatin solid dispersion tablets.

 Key words: RP-HPLC, Rosuvastatin Calcium, Validation, solid dispersion tablets.

ABSTRACT An Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of tribal areas of Latehar District, Jharkhand was carried out to document the potentially important plant resources. The information on medicinal uses of plants is based on the extensive interviews with tribal healers who are practicing traditional knowledge of herbal treatment. The present study highlights useful Ethnobotanical information about the uses of plants by the Oraon tribes of the region.

Key words: Ethnomedicinal plants, Tribal medicine, Oraon tribe, Latehar.

ABSTRACT Four simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous determination of saxagliptin (SAXA) and methyldopa (MD) in a laboratory mixture. Simultaneous equation method (Method I) shows absorbance at 211 nm (λ1) and 280 nm (λ2) corresponding to the absorbance maxima of saxagliptin and methyldopa respectively. In absorbance ratio method (Method II) isobestic point is observed at 240 nm. Isobestic point (240 nm) is considered as λ1 and absorbance maxima of methyldopa (280 nm) is considered as λ2. In area under curve method (Method III) measurement of area under curve in the range of 204-241nm (for saxagliptin) and 265-314 nm (for methyldopa) was carried out. In dual wavelength method (Method IV), saxagliptin and methyldopa were quantified using principle that absorbance difference between two points on mixture spectra was directly proportional to concentration of component of interest and independent of interfering component. All dilutions were prepared in distilled water. Linearity range was observed in the concentration range of solution 5‐30 μg/ml for saxagliptin and 2-12 μg/ml for methyldopa. The methods were validated statistically and recovery study was performed to confirm the accuracy of both drugs.

Key words: Saxagliptin, Methyldopa, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Simultaneous estimation, Absorbance ratio method, Dual wavelength method, Area under curve method.

ABSTRACT The foot ulcers among diabetic patients are mostly neuropathic origin and therefore eminently preventable. Sensory neuropathy increases the risk of foot ulcerations by seven folds and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) by three folds in people with diabetes. The Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among diabetes is 26-33% as per the reported literature. To find out the frequency of Peripheral Neuropathy among Known Cases of Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients in Urban field practice area. To correlate Peripheral Neuropathy with select socio demographic variables. Descriptive cross sectional study was done among 316 known Type II Diabetic Mellitus patients in Urban field practice area under the Division of Community Medicine RMMCH. Basic socio demographic data were collected using a Pre-tested Questionnaire followed by a symptomatic history and Clinical Examination to rule out the peripheral neuropathy. Analysis was done using appropriate statistical methods like Pearson Chi square test. The Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy was graded by using Toronto Clinical Scoring System. Grading of peripheral neuropathy as mild, moderate and severe. The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among known cases of diabetic patients in this study was found to be 12.3%, mild, moderate and severe grading was observed as 4.71%, 2.53% and 5.06% respectively. Increased frequency of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is observed above 60 years of age with significant statistical association. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy increases as duration of disease increases. Older adult patients should be screened for peripheral neuropathy continuously using simple instruments like monofilament and tuning fork because Neuropathy develops gradually. Key words: Peripheral Neuropathy, Sensory loss, Monofilament.

ABSTRACT In jewellery industry, exposure to various types of fumes and gases are very common. No report is available regarding the effects of those fumes and gases on the skin disease of the filigree workers who come in contact with the chemicals used in the occupation. Due to lack of proper monitoring of the workplace environments in these unorganized sectors, workers get very much affected by the occupational exposures to the irritants. The present study was undertaken to find out the magnitude of contact dermatitis among Filigree workers and to compare and correlate contact dermatitis with various socio-demographic factors and duration of occupational exposure. 296 filigree workers were interviewed with pretested proforma to elicit socio-demographic characteristics and symptoms of contact dermatitis. The magnitude of contact dermatitis among filigree workers was found to be 22.6%. Among them, 91.04% were involved in microplating type of work and 8.96% were involved in designing work. Significant association between contact dermatitis and type of work, age, sex, duration of working hours was observed. Periodic examination and personal protective measures are necessary to prevent the burden of contact dermatitis among filigree workers. Key words: Contact dermatitis, Filigree workers, Microplating and Designing workers.

ABSTRACT The prevalence of diabetes is rising all over the world due to population growth, ageing, urbanisation and an increase obesity and physical inactivity. People with IGT are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in the urban population and to find out the association between impaired glucose tolerance and select socio demographic variables. A study population comprising of 340 individuals in the urban area of Chidambaram, age >30 years were selected for investigation. These individuals were analyzed for their biochemical parameters by Erba v2 analyzer. Both fasting blood glucose and post 2-hour glucose after 75 gm of powdered glucose intake were analyzed. Baseline clinical data like height, weight and blood pressure as well as family history were recorded by the standard methods. The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance was found to be was 8.8% in the study. Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes was 5.6% and 9.4% respectively. Significant association was observed between prediabetes and positive family history of diabetes, increasing age, smoking and alcohol intake. High prevalence of IGT validates that there are chances of IGT to get converted into Diabetes in near future. These results need urgent attention to develop a public awareness programme. Key words: Impaired glucose tolerance, Diabetes Mellitus, Risk Factors.

ABSTRACT Mental disorders have got higher prevalence and low priority in most of the countries around the world, of which depression among the elderly population being the most common treatable medical condition. The present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of depression among elderly population and to find out the association of depression with socio-psychological variable. Cross-sectional study was carried out in urban area Chidambaram. Sample size was calculated as 207, after conducting pilot study, which showed prevalence rate of 65%. Geriatric depression scale was used to find out depression among elderly. Analysis was done by Pearson Chi-Square test and logistic regression method. Total 2663 population were surveyed out of which 8.6% of the population were ≥60 years. 211 respondents were included in the study and 62.6% of them were found to have depression with 71.2% moderate and 28.78% severe depression. Statistically significant association was found between depression and socio-psychological variables like age, sex, marital status, living arrangement (staying with) and significant life events. Prevalence of depressive disorder is high but are under-recognized and often untreated. Key words: Elderly; Mental health; Depression.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present research work is to formulate and evaluate bilayered buccal adhesive tablet containing Atenolol as a drug to achieve unidirectional drug release and to increase bioavailability of the drug. Atenolol (beta blocker) is widely used in hypertension. The drug bioavailability is low (54%) due to extensive first pass metabolism. Since the buccal route bypasses first-pass effect, the dose of atenolol could be reduced by 50%. The bilayered buccal tablets were evaluated for physical parameters, swelling index, and surface pH, mucoadhesive strength, drug content uniformity, in-vitro release, drug permeation study, stability studies, drug excipient interactions (FTIR). The formulation F5 (containing 1:1 ratio of Chitosan and HPMC K15M) was found to be promising, which showed good bioadhesive strength (35gm), optimum drug permeation (85%), optimum in-vitro drug release (97%) with in 8hours and acceptable surface pH. Stability studies of the promising formulation F5 indicated that bilayered buccal tablets are stable and showed no significant changes in drug content. Keywords: Buccal, Atenolol, Hypertension, Bioadhesive